On February 6, 1972, Peoples Temple attorney Timothy O. Stoen signed an affidavit in which he stated that the child that his wife – Grace Grech Stoen – had just borne was fathered by the Temple’s leader, Rev. Jim Jones. The single-page document eventually became the most important piece of paper in the Temple’s history.
John Victor Stoen was born on January 25, 1972. His birth certificate lists Grace as the mother and Tim as the father. In signing the affidavit, however, Tim not only seemed to contradict his putative paternity, but as Tim Reiterman writes in Raven, he also “bound the child to Jones and the church for life.” In the years to follow, Jones would cite the affidavit countless times to demonstrate his paternity of the child, to denigrate Grace’s worthiness to be a mother, and to dismiss Tim’s claims of custody rights.
Grace left the church in July 1976, but did not take her son with her. Part of the reason is that she believed Jim Jones when he told her that her life would be in danger if she ever left, and she did not want to put John’s life in jeopardy along with hers. Another reason is that the child had been separated from her to be raised communally, so she didn’t have physical access to him at the moment of her departure.
Nevertheless, she began to fight for custody almost immediately after her defection. She was later joined in the battle by her estranged husband, who left the church about a year after Grace. They prevailed in the California courts – a judge awarded Grace physical custody of the child in November 1977 – but by that time, the young boy was already in Jonestown, far away from the state court jurisdiction. In essence, the court order insured that Jim Jones would not be able to return to the United States without facing contempt proceedings for failing to turn over the child. It also meant John Victor Stoen could never leave Jonestown.
In one sense, John Victor Stoen represented the most visible symbol in the battle between Jim Jones and the Concerned Relatives organization, with which both Tim and Grace were both allied by then. Everyone – Jim Jones, the Temple leaders and members, and the entire Jonestown community on one side; and the Stoens, the Concerned Relatives organization, and the Temple’s growing number of critics on the other – knew that if Jones were forced to surrender John Victor, the precedent would have been set, and every relative seeking child custody or adult conservatorship of their family members in Jonestown would be emboldened. Jones would have lost more than just the boy he claimed as his own. He would have lost his claims of absolute power of protection for his followers. After all, if he couldn’t hold on to his own flesh and blood, how could he defend anyone in the community against the other dangerous forces – real, imagined and exaggerated – that were aligned against them?
Tim Stoen’s defection also had repercussions beyond this custody case. Once Jim Jones’ closest aide, Stoen became his chief antagonist, and many of the fantasies that Jonestown residents were encouraged, if not required, to write involved humiliation, mutilation and finally, the death of Tim Stoen. The former Temple lawyer became the primary legal representative for the Concerned Relatives organization, and in so doing, helped to give the oppositional group both credibility and effectiveness. There were four court actions pending against the Temple and its leadership on November 18, 1978, and Tim Stoen was the attorney for each of the plaintiffs.
- Birth Certificate of John Victor Stoen
- Tim Stoen Affidavit of February 6, 1972
- Taped conversation between Jim Jones and Tim Stoen
- Stoens Sign Over Power of Attorney for John Victor Stoen
- Tim Stoen Draft Affidavit on Grace Stoen
- Declarations of Grace Stoen
- Peoples Temple Affidavits and the Stoens
- Preliminary Custody Order of August 1977
- Writ of Habeas Corpus for John Victor Stoen
- Guyana Court Records on John Victor Stoen
- The State Department Cables on the Stoen Custody Case
- The Stoens, the U.S. Embassy, the State Department, and Congress
- Tim Stoen Letter to Jim Jones
- Child Custody Order on John Victor Stoen
- Joseph Freitas Letter to Fred Wills
- Letters of Support for Peoples Temple
- Tim Stoen vs. Peoples Temple
- Peoples Temple vs. Tim Stoen
- Eugene Chaikin on Impact of Stoen Lawsuits
Historical footnote: Tim Stoen’s interaction with the FBI during Waco
Several sections of the FBI’s RYMUR release under the Freedom of Information Act pertain directly to this custody battle. They include Section 99 • U-1 on John Victor Stoen and Section 99 • V-1 on Tim Stoen.
Additional discussions of Tim Stoen and his relationship with Peoples Temple include John Victor Stoen: The Unfortunate Son, by Bonnie Yates (2021).
See also, Chapter Nine from A Sympathetic History of Jonestown, by Rebecca Moore (Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press, 1985).
Tim Stoen’s autobiography is Surviving Utopia: Jim Jones and Peoples Temple (2018). His earlier work is Love Them to Death: At War with the Devil at Jonestown (2017), which he describes as more academic than his later work. Both self-published works are available through Amazon. Love Them to Death is itself a revision of the book under its original title of Marked For Death (2016), which was reviewed by John R. Hall and Matthew Farrell in 2016.